![]() Results suggest that bilinguals manage cross-linguistic interference more effectively than monolinguals. We conclude that language interference can affect lexical retrieval, but bilingualism may reduce this interference by facilitating access to a newly learned language. There is substantial variability in individual ability to acquire a second or third language, and many learners do not achieve native-like proficiency, particularly later in life ( Birdsong, 2006, 2009). ![]() Successful acquisition depends not only on learning new words and grammar but also on the ability to retrieve words from memory during language use. Learning outcomes may be improved by ensuring that words, once acquired, can be retrieved effectively. One obstacle to word retrieval in a new language is competition from similar-sounding words in one’s native language. Cross-linguistic interference is common in bilinguals ( Bijeljac-Babic, Biardeau, & Grainger, 1997 Duyck, Assche, Drieghe, & Hartsuiker, 2007 van Heuven, Dijkstra, & Grainger, 1998 Schwartz & Kroll, 2006 Voga & Grainger, 2007), and as a result, bilinguals may develop mechanisms to control competition more effectively than monolinguals. MINT, the molecular interaction database: 2012 update (7).HSD17B4, ACAA1, and PXMP4 in Peroxisome Pathway Are Down-Regulated and Have Clinical Significance in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer.Experimental data from flesh quality assessment and shelf life monitoring of high pressure processed European sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) fillets.2016 update of the PRIDE database and its related tools (8).We propose that the ability to manage competition from other languages during novel language use is improved in bilinguals relative to monolinguals due to previous linguistic experience.
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